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Country facts

When to visit

December–March (drier season). May–November is rainy season — afternoon showers daily.

Typical costs (USD)

Excellent value. Tourist-zone prices higher; off-the-beaten-path very affordable.

Essential phrases

Numbers

What to pack

• Lightweight quick-dry clothing
• Strong SPF + sun hat
• Modest cover-up for religious sites
• Mosquito repellent (DEET)
• Bottled water for drinking + teeth
• Stomach prep (probiotic, Imodium)
• Sandals + closed shoes

Cultural notes

• English is official; many local languages (Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa) widely used
• Security varies — Lagos better than the north; check advisories
• Use ride-hailing apps (Bolt, Uber) not street taxis
• Power outages frequent — hotels have generators
• Bring USD; cards work in major hotels but cash needed elsewhere

Universal courtesies

• Try a greeting in the local language even if it's the only word you know — it's appreciated everywhere.
• Match local dress norms when entering religious sites, government buildings, or rural areas.
• Ask before photographing people, especially children or in religious settings.
• Tipping customs vary — never assume your home country's expectation applies.
• Remove shoes when entering homes if your host does; watch their cue.
• Keep voices lower than at home in temples, mosques, museums, public transport.
• Hands and gestures mean different things across cultures — observe before reaching out.
• Cash + cards: rural areas often need cash; major cities take cards. Carry small notes.
• Don't compare countries to each other in front of locals — every culture stands on its own.
• If you don't know the etiquette, watching for 30 seconds usually teaches it.