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Country facts

When to visit

May–October is dry season (avoids monsoon). Altitude makes weather unpredictable year-round; pack for 4 seasons in a day.

Typical costs (USD)

Budget-friendly. Trekking + permit fees can add up; plan extra cushion for altitude-related medical.

Essential phrases

Numbers

What to pack

• Layered hiking clothing (synthetic + merino wool)
• Sturdy hiking boots (broken in)
• Sun hat + SPF 50+ (UV intense at altitude)
• Altitude-sickness preventatives (consult doctor)
• Headlamp
• Refillable water bottle + iodine tablets
• Down jacket (cold mornings/evenings)

Cultural notes

• Namaste (palms together) greeting; don't shake women's hands without offering first
• Altitude sickness is real above 3000m — acclimatize, hydrate, don't rush
• Remove shoes entering temples + homes; cover legs above the knee
• Don't touch people's heads — sacred body part
• Drink only bottled or filtered water; LifeStraw bottles recommended

Universal courtesies

• Try a greeting in the local language even if it's the only word you know — it's appreciated everywhere.
• Match local dress norms when entering religious sites, government buildings, or rural areas.
• Ask before photographing people, especially children or in religious settings.
• Tipping customs vary — never assume your home country's expectation applies.
• Remove shoes when entering homes if your host does; watch their cue.
• Keep voices lower than at home in temples, mosques, museums, public transport.
• Hands and gestures mean different things across cultures — observe before reaching out.
• Cash + cards: rural areas often need cash; major cities take cards. Carry small notes.
• Don't compare countries to each other in front of locals — every culture stands on its own.
• If you don't know the etiquette, watching for 30 seconds usually teaches it.